14 October 2013 - REFLECTION

3 things I've learned

• We must not give up. 
• If we work hard, our hard work will be paid off.
• Never do last-minute revision.

2 things I would like to improve on

• Do more mindmaps.
• Do not to be shy to ask if unsure about something. Everyone makes mistake.

1 thing I would like to try

• Try to aim for A1 for Science.

Today's work!

-----Assignment assigned by Mr Elijah Ong-----(Mr Ong's blog)

So far I have learned about :

• Measurements
• Density
• Acids and Alkalis
• Atoms and molecules
• Elements, compound and mixture
• Filtration

As stated in his blog , I need to choose any of the two topics above and find the following materials to support my learning. 

1. Scientific articles
2. Videos on YouTube
3. Ppt that other people have created.
4. PDF notes that other people have created.

Then,

I need to list down at least 5 things that I learnt from the materials ( 5 each topic ) . 

I also need to list down things I don't really understand and would like to find out more.

I decided to choose these topics ;

Atoms and Molecules

1. Scientific Articles

There are alot of articles that you could find on the internet. 

Some examples are :

• Engineering functional structures with single atoms and molecules
• Unpeeling atoms and molecules from the inside out
• Toward real time observation of electron dynamics in atoms and molecules 
• New technique excites atoms and molecules using pulsed laser
• EUROCORES conference gives cold quantum matter a European twist
• ((You can see more articles at the following website. You can also read the articles. http://esciencenews.com/dictionary/atoms.and.molecules))

2. YouTube video

3. PowerPoint that other people have created  / 
4. PDF notes that other people have created .

Click here to see the PowerPoint Slides.

Elements,compounds and mixtures

1. Scientific Articles

Click here to see a video about Elemnts, Compounds and Mixtures

2. YouTube video

3. PowerPoint that other people have created  / 
4. PDF notes that other people have created .
Click here to see the PowerPoint Slides



________________________(: THANK YOU :)____________________________

The experiment .

FILTRATION PROCESS

I did this experiment with my partner, Arina. My teacher asked us to try out how to separate salt and sugar by ourselves. I read about filtration ( a process to to filter ) through Google and saw a video on YouTube about Filtration. 

This is the video. Check it out !

Photos taken throughout the experiment :

This is the materials used. 

It's excluding the Bunsen Burner set-up.

I have more photos but they are all kind of the same in the YouTube video.

Reflections

REFLECTIONS ON HELIUM ATOM

3 thing I've learnt from this project :
- Helium atom has 2 electrons, 2 protons and 2 neutrons.
- Helium is in the 8th group.
- Helium is a noble gas.

2 things I would like to improve on :
- What materials used
- The way I labelled the parts

1 thing I would like to learn :
- How to make a more 3 Dimensional model

Videos from YouTube

You could also watch these videos from YouTube to understand more about Chromatography and Types of Mixtures. There are also the ones about Filtration. Just search it on YouTube. YouTube is the best place to find videos.

Chapter 7 MindMap : Separation of mixtures

SEPARATION OF MIXTURES

This mindmap shows a lot of stuff . Just give it a click to see the full screen . Thank you xD

Chapter 6 MindMaps : Elements , Compounds & Mixtures

ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS & MIXTURES 

This mindmap tells about what elements, compounds and mixtures are and the properties and examples . 

Ink Chromatography

Ink Chromography

How to we separate a drop of ink ?

Use the process of paper chromatography to separate the pigments in various markers and then determine the R_f value for each color on your chromatogram.

Materials needed : 

1. Plastic vials
2. Paper clips 
3. Markers in assorted colors 
4. Chromatography paper 
5. Scissors 
6. Pencil

Procedure :

1. Obtain chromatography vials and chromatography strips, and different color markers so that each person in the group will have two chromatograms.
2. Cut one end of the chromatography strip to a point. The bottom of the point will mark the starting point for movement of the solvent (H₂O).
3. About 2.0 centimeters from the bottom of the strip, draw a faint horizontal line with pencil. This will mark the starting point for measuring the migration distance of each color.
4. Using a different color marker for each strip, drop a dot of ink on the center of the horizontal pencil line.  Let this dry a moment & then add more ink to the dot.
5. Add a small amount of water to the bottom of the chromatography chamber. (The ink dot should be ABOVE the surface of the water.)
6. Straighten a paper clip and poke a hole through the top of your chromatography strip
7. Use the paper clip to hang the strip in your chamber. (The straighten paper clip will lay across the top of the chamber.)
8. MAKE SURE THE TIP OF THE STRIP BUT NOT THE INK IS IMMERSED IN THE WATER!
9. Notice the separation of the ink as both the solvent and ink travel up the chromatography strip.
10. Once the solvent front has neared the top of the strip, remove the strip from the chamber and lay it on a piece of paper towel.
11. Immediately mark the solvent front with a faint pencil line.
12. Immediately mark the leading edge of each color with an "x".
13. Measure, in millimeters, the distance the solvent migrated from the tip of the strip to your solvent front pencil line.
14. Measure, in millimeters, the distance each color migrated from the point of origin (pencil line where the ink dot was placed) to the leading edge of the color (marked with an "x".
15. Record all data in Data table 1.
16. Calculate and record the R_f value for each color using the formula below.

R_f = distance traveled by the compound / distance traveled by the solven

Adopted from : http://www.biologyjunction.com/ink_chromatography.htm


I tried out this experiment at my school science lab . I've uploaded them onto this blog . Check it out people ! Thanks . 

SiA E-Learning Phase 2 Comic Strip

Add caption

SIA E-learning Phase 1 Separation Of Mixtures

Magnetic attraction

Separating mixtures containing magnetic materials . Some examples are iron,cobalt and nickel from non--magnetic ones in a mixture .

Procedure involved
Step 1.Place a magnet near the mixture of magnetic and non-magnetic materials.
Step 2.The magnet will attract the magnetic materials from the mixture.

An example of  what it is used for :
Electromagnets are used to remove steel and iron scrap at the junk-yard.

 Filtration

Separating mixture of un-dissolved solids from a liquid. An example of filtration is sand from a mixture of sand and water.

Procedure involved
Step 1.Pour the mixture into a funnel fitted with a piece of filter paper. 
Step 2.Tiny holes in the filter paper allow liquid to flow through it, while the solid particles are too large to do so.
Step 3.Therefore the solid particles will remain on the paper 
Step 4.The solid particles remain on the paper called residue.
Step 5The liquid which pass through called filtrate.

Examples of how it is used for :
Tap water has also been filtered through filter beds to remove solid impurities. Hair in our nostrils trap the dust particles that we breathe in and allow only clean air to pass through.

Evaporation

Separating mixture of dissolved solids from a liquid. Example : common salt from a salt solution.


Procedure involved
Step 1. Pour the solution into an evaporating dish.
Step 2. Heat the solution to dryness to evaporate away the solvent, leaving behind the solute.
Step 3. Make the Bunsen flame smaller when almost all the solvent has been evaporated away to reduce spitting.

How it is used : Industrial applications include recovering salts from solutions and drying a variety of materials such as lumber, paper, cloth and chemicals.

Crystallization

Process to obtain a solid that decomposes on heating from its solution. Examples: sugar crystals from sugar solution.


Procedure involved
Step 1.Pour the solution into an evaporating dish.
Step 2. Heat the solution to evaporate away the solvent until some solid starts to appear or a saturated solution is obtained.
Step 3. Leave the solution to cool.
Step 4.On cooling crystals of the solute that can no longer disssolve in the solution will be deposited as crystals.
Step 5. Filter the mixture to collect the crystals which is the residue.

Uses :Common sugar obtain from sugar solution for daily use. Making hard tack candy.

Paper chromatography

Used to separate the different components in a liquid mixture. Example : To separate the different coloured components that make up black ink.

Procedure involved
Step 1.Apply a small but concentrated spot of the solution on a piece of chromatography paper.
Step 2. Suspend the chromatography paper in a beaker or boiling tube of solvent with the spot above the solvent.
Step 3.Separation takes place because some components of the liquid mixture travel at a faster pace than other components on the paper or any other absorbent material.
Step 4.As the solvent travels up the paper, the mixture is separated into its respective components.

Uses : Analyzing ink dyes for forgery cases.  Detecting trace levels of drugs in urine samples.

Reverse osmosis

Process of forcing a solvent from a region of high solute concentration through a membrane to a region of low solute concentration by applying a pressure in excess of the osmotic pressure.
Procedure involved
Step 1. Water moved across the membrane against the concentration gradient, from lower concentration to higher concentration.
Step 2. Pressure is exerted on the side with the concentrated solution.
Step 3. It force the water molecules across the membrane to the fresh water side.


Uses :Drinking water purification systems used for improving water for drinking and cooking.

Distillation

Separating mixtures based on differences in volatility of components in a boiling liquid mixture. Example : Pure water can be distilled from softdrinks. 


Procedure involved
Step 1. Mixture is heated until the most volatile component begins to boil into a vapor.
Step 2 These vapors are allowed to move down a tube where they are condensed back into liquid at a different location. 
Step 3. In this way, liquids of different boiling points can be separated, or a liquid can be separated from solid impurities.


Use : 
Distillation of herbs for perfumery and medicinals.

Fractional distillation

Process can be used to separate miscible liquids with different boiling points. Liquid with lower boiling point will vaporise first.
Procedure involvedStep 1. Heat mixture containing 2 or more substances.Step 2. Mixure will begin to boil, vaporizing some substances.Step 3. Vapor goes through the fractional distillation column.Step 4. Vapor rises to the top and begins to cool down on its way into the second column. Condensers in commercial processes are the mechanics that cool down the vapor.Step 5. Condensation phase takes place as the vapor is cooled to liquid and finally the substance is transferred into a container on the other end of the second distillation column.


Use :Industries supplying oxygen to hospitals,shipyards.

3D Model

This is my 3D Model. I made a new one because my old one is not perfect. Did this with Arina . 

Differences between metals and non-metals

 When a metal reacts with a non-metal, the metal gives up electrons and the non-metal takes them.

On a macro scale : Metals have ductility (may be drawn into wire), malleability (may be hammered or rolled into shape) and a metallic luster, have high melting points, high density and are good conductors of heat and electricity.

Key difference : Metals are solid at room temperature, highly conductive of heat and electricity and are malleable and ductile in nature. Non-metals can be solid, liquid or gaseous at room temperature, and are not conductive, malleable or ductile.

about myself

HI ! 
My name is Izzati , 1e3 student . 
I love to do random stuffs and chat with people .
My hobby is playing with my handphone . 
I don't really play computer games .
I love Maths and Malay ( and SINGAPORE xD ) 
I have Facebook , Twitter , Insatgram and yeaaa .. 

Okok , BYE PEEPS :D